Many people have dry or itchy skin, allergies or eczema. Still, similar symptoms can be caused by sexually transmitted infections (STDs), including herpes, syphilis, genital warts, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Depending on the location of the skin irritation, the presence of other lesions and rashes, and how long symptoms last, it may be a good idea to get tested for STDs or be evaluated by a healthcare provider.
Below is a more detailed list of these STDs that cause dry skin, itchy skin, and flaking skin, and their symptoms.
Herpes (HSV-1)
There are two strains of the herpes simplex virus (HSV): type 1 and type 2. Oral herpes is usually caused by HSV-1, while HSV-2 usually causes genital herpes. However, both viruses can cause infection in either location. Herpes is often asymptomatic, but in some people outbreaks of blister-like sores develop on the lips, in or around the mouth, or on the genitals. A burning sensation, itching and tingling may be the first symptoms of an outbreak. However, dry skin can also cause these feelings. Although there is no cure for herpes, antiviral medications prescribed by a doctor can reduce the frequency and severity of outbreaks.
Syphilis
Syphilis is an STD caused by a bacteria called Treponema pallidum. Syphilis progresses in four stages: primary, secondary, latent and tertiary. Skin rash is the main symptom of the secondary phase and that rash can be mistaken for dry skin. According to The Centers for Disease Controlsyphilis rash or often rough and red, but can also be faint and difficult to recognize. Unlike dry skin, the syphilis rash is not itchy, can affect the palms of the hands and soles of the feet, and is often accompanied by fever, swollen lymph nodes, fatigue, and other flu-like symptoms. The rash may also be accompanied by wart-like, raised mouth, armpit, or groin lesions. Syphilis can be cured with antibiotics if caught early.
Genital warts (HPV)
Genital warts are sexually transmitted and are caused by certain strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV). As described by The U.S. Department of Health and Human ServicesGenital warts are skin-colored bumps that can vary in number and size. They are most commonly found on or around the genitals or anus of men and women. Just like dry skin, warts can itch. There is no cure for HPV, but warts can be treated or removed. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends that all children and young adults be vaccinated against the virus to prevent genital warts and HPV-related cancers.
HIV and AIDS
Shortly after being infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which attacks the immune system, some people develop a rash, which may be itchy or painful. People may also develop other flu-like symptoms, such as fever and swollen lymph nodes. Left untreated, HIV can seriously weaken the immune system and cause acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). HIV/AIDS cannot be cured, but can be controlled with proper care.
Any dry skin or itching you experience is likely due to dry, irritated skin. However, it is essential to remember that some STDs can cause similar symptoms and to have annual STD testing if you are sexually active or starting a new relationship.